RTTS
RTTS is a Halliburton retrievable packer with hold-down slips. RTTS packer is used for carrying out positive & negative pressure testing, treating, and squeeze cement operations. It is normally run with a circulating valve, which can be opened by straight pull as required. A safety joint is run above the tool to enable releasing of the work string in case the packer gets stuck during the operation.
FasDrill Bridge Plug
FasDrill Bridge plug is similar to the conventional permanent bridge plug. The main difference is the composition of the material. It is made up of composite material with minimal ferrous metal content which makes it easier to drill the plug.
EZSV
EZSV, a Halliburton tool is an easily drillable squeeze packer. It's primarily used for squeeze cementing but can also be used as bridge plug for zonal isolation or abandonment. This tool can be run on wireline, slickline or drill pipe and is designed to offer little resistance to drill out.
DST
Testing or widely known as Drill Stem Testing (DST) is the process of determining reservoir potential. Once the well is drilled to the target formation, DST tools are run in the well and attempts are made to flow the well to surface in a controlled manner. Various surface and downhole measurements are carried out which help in evaluating the reservoir potentials. Broadly speaking, DSTs are two kinds, Bare Foot DST (open hole DST) or Cased Hole DST.
Champ Packer
Champ packer is a Halliburton tool. It is a retrievable packer with bypass ports and hold-down slips. Champ Packer is widely used for Drill Stem Testing and Tubing Conveyed Perforation applications. A concentric by-pass valve provides a larger flow area and allows circulation below the packer. Champ packer has higher temperature and pressure ratings. It is ideal for deepwater and extended reach wells.
Cased Hole DST
Cased Hole DST is the process of testing the wells after running production casing or liner. Once a well is drilled to the target reservoir, various logs are run for evaluating reservoir characteristics. Based on log evaluation, prospective zones are identifies. Formation type is identified through Gamma Ray signatures, potentials of oil and gas are identified through resistivity logs and porosity is identified through porosity log etc. The prospective zone is identified through positive combination of these logs. Well is cased with production casing or liner cemented in place to provide zonal isolation. Casing / Liner and well are perforated across selected potential zone and is tested by running DST string inside cased hole.
Barefoot DST
Barefoot DST is performed in the open hole. The hole is usually cased just before drilling into the zone of interest. A new hole is drilled below the casing through the zone planned to be tested. Once complete zone is opened, DST tools are run in the well and attempts are made to flow the well in a controlled manner.
Perforate
Perforation is the process of piercing holes through casing, cement and formation at selected intervals. The objective is to provide a flow path for the formation fluid to the wellbore. Perforation guns loaded with explosives are run in hole either on wireline or on drill pipe and activated across the identified zone.
Barefoot DST
Barefoot DST is performed in the open hole. The hole is usually cased just before drilling into the zone of interest. A new hole is drilled below the casing through the zone planned to be tested. Once complete zone is opened, DST tools are run in the well and attempts are made to flow the well in a controlled manner.
Wormhole
Wormhole refer to the conductive channel created in the formation as a result of acidization. As the acid forces its way into the formation, it tends to dissolve part of the matrix in the pore spaces, creating permanent void channel that can connect to the reservoir fluid beyond the near wellbore region. The reservoir fluid then is able to flow easily into the wellbore through these conduits.
Proppant
Proppants are the solid materials used in 'Hydraulic Fracturing'. In hydraulic fracturing, the cracks are opened by pumping fluid into the well with high surface pressure. Since the cracks are opened by force, they tend to close as soon as pressure is removed. Proppants are the solid particles that enter into the crack and don't allow the cracks to close. Materials like sand, bauxite, ceramic and some lighter weight materials are usually used as proppants.
Matrix Acidizing
Matrix Acidizing is the stimulation process in which acid treatment is injected into the formation but below fracture pressure. It can be used in Carbonate as well as Sandstone formations. In Sandstone formations, the primary objective of 'Matrix Acidization' is to remove any particles plugging the formation that can be removed by acid and hence increase the flow of formation fluid into the wellbore.
Fracturing
Fracturing is also commonly known as 'Hydraulic Fracturing'. It is used in formations with very low permeability or on wells where the formation is badly damaged. Fluid is pumped into the formation with surface pressure high enough to break it open and propagate the fracture. Fractures propagate beyond near wellbore damage and connect the well to the reservoir fluid enhancing the rate of flow of fluid into the well.
Acid Wash
Acid Wash is the process of pumping acid into tubular or wellbore with the objective of cleaning. It is not intended for any treatment of the formation but only to clean any possible debris that might be restricting the flow of formation fluid into the wellbore.
Acid Fracturing
Acid Fracturing is the process of forcing acid treatment into the formation with pressures higher than formation fracture pressure. Acid fracturing is used in Carbonate formation and is intended to either go beyond the damage zone or for creating long conductive channels extending deeper into the reservoir.
Acidizing
Acidizing is a stimulation method of pumping acid in the formation. Pumping acid into the limestone, carbonate, or dolomite formations tends to partially dissolve the rock and increase its permeability. The type of stimulation fluid, volume, sequence of fluids, and rate of pumping are carefully calculated based on formation properties and test flow parameters to get the best results.
Lithostatic Pressure
Lithostatic Pressure is also known as Geostatic Pressure, Overburden pressure, Confining Pressure, Vertical Stress, Total Stress. It’s defined as the pressure exerted by weight of rock and fluid in the rock on the formation layer at the point of interest. The equivalent density of the combined weight is referred to as the bulk density (ρb). Lithostatic Pressure is normally estimated as average 1 psi/ft but varies from basin to basin depending on matrix density of rocks.